2.    Costing for materials 
       ordering, receiving, inspection, storage and
       issue procedures.documents involved in stores routine. 
       perpetual inventory records. continuous stock taking and 
       treatment of discrepancies. methods of pricing stores issues
       and effect on reported profits. maximum stock, minimum
       stock and re-order levels.

3.    Costing for labour
       time and output records. methods of remuneration and effect
       on unit cost. payroll preparation and wages analysis. treatment
       of overtime premium, shift premium and idle time.

4.    Cost for overheads
       main sources of total overhead, including depreciation, using a
       fixed assets register. the calculation of the depreciation charge.
       use of production and service cost centres. allocation.
       apportionment. re- apportionment of service cost centres. basis
       for and calculation of absorption rates. use of absorption rates. 
       under or over absorption.

5.    Costing methods for:
       specific orders 
           •   job, batch and contract. continuous processes 
           •   normal loss. scrap value. abnormal loss or gain. work-in-
               progress. equivalent units. joint products. by-products. 
       provision of services 
           •  service organisations, both internal and external. 

6.   Marginal costing
      elementary knowledge of the use of contribution for decisions
      and the effect on stock values and reported profits.

7.   Optional techniques
      elementary knowledge of budgeting control and standard
      costing restricted to prime cost variance analysis.

8.   Accounting systems
      simple examples of integrated accounting systems.